| |
Your Water and You
Water plays a huge role in our everyday lives. We can live for weeks
without food but only days without water. We bathe in it, brush our teeth
with it, wash our clothes with it and clean our dishes with it. We swim
in water and sprinkle our lawns with it. We wash our cars, trucks, vans,
bikes and boats with water. We drink it, cook with it, make orange juice
with it and mix baby formula with it. Industries use water in manufacturing
processes. As a matter of fact, there's a little water in just about everything.
But more importantly, there's water in you. Between 55 and 65 percent
of the human body is made up of water! That means if you took all of the
water out of a 175-pound man, he would weigh a mere 70 pounds! And the
younger you are, the more water your body contains.
Determining the Quality of Your Water
There are a number of problems that can affect the quality of the water
you drink. Surprisingly, some contaminated water can look clean and clear
at a glance. But just because water looks good, doesn't mean that it is.
The only way to be certain what's in your water is to have it tested.
Water treatment professionals can perform tests, direct your water sample
to certified laboratories and help you decipher the results. If you are
supplied with water by a local water utility, you can request the results
they've recorded from government mandated tests for a variety of contaminants.
While bad odors, unusual colors or metallic tastes usually indicate
a drinking water problem, some go undetected. Lead is tasteless, odorless,
and colorless and can find its way into your water via soldered pipe connections.
Lead-based solder was used in homes built as recently as the late 1980s.
Even though cities generally use chlorine to disinfect water to prevent
illness and disease, chlorination is not a foolproof disinfection method.
Unexpected outbreaks of certain microorganisms can still occur. Cryptosporidium,
a waterborne parasite, caused several hundred thousand people to become
ill in Milwaukee in April, 1993. And although it's disinfected, city water
may encounter contaminants once it leaves the treatment plant and travels
through miles of distribution lines before it reaches your home.
Options for Improving Your Water
The good news is that there are a number of options available for improving
your drinking water.
Carbon Filters Activated carbon can reduce chlorine, VOCs, tastes, odors and, in some
cases, lead. Carbon filters are available in a wide variety of sizes and
styles, from small units that can be attached to the end of a faucet to
in-line systems that must be connected to a home's plumbing. Filter cartridges
must be changed regularly to ensure optimum contaminant reduction. Some
systems eliminate guesswork by alerting you when a filter change is necessary.
Distillation Systems Distillation systems boil water to reduce contaminants, then condense
the steam that results and collect the water in a storage tank. Since certain
substances don't vaporize, they don't rise with the steam. These units
operate independently from a home's plumbing and are generally placed at
the point of water use. Distillers can use a lot of energy, may radiate
heat and must be cleaned regularly.
Ultraviolet Systems (UV) UV systems destroy microorganisms by exposing them to intense ultraviolet
light. Since they disinfect water rather than remove contaminants, UV systems
are usually installed with other filters. They are ineffective in water
that's cloudy, however, and constantly use electricity. Bulbs must be changed
regularly for the systems to function properly.
Reverse Osmosis (RO) Systems RO systems are recommended by the Centers for Disease Control as one
of the most effective ways of protecting residential drinking water. These
very popular systems utilize a semi permeable membrane to reduce contaminants.
When water is forced against the membrane, a portion of it passes through,
while impurities are left behind to be carried away.
Reverse osmosis is effective against dissolved salts, suspended solids,
dissolved chemicals and a wide variety of other contaminants that cannot
be seen by the naked eye. When choosing an RO system, look for a unit with
a high recovery rate (recovery rate = amount of water produced divided
by amount of water used). Generally, a rate of 25% is considered efficient.
Certain systems also employ a membrane rinse feature that cleans the membrane
with the high quality water produced by the system to prolong its life
and ensure that it continues to produce only the best quality water.
|
|